Verbo To Be
El verbo To be es muy importante en inglés. Equivale a los verbos españoles "ser" o "estar".
En algunas frases también puede tener el significado de "hacer" o "tener".
Según el sentido de la frase sabremos a cual de ellos se refiere.
I am Spanish = Soy español
I am in Spain = Estoy en España
It is very hot = Hace mucho calor
Peter is 12 years old = Pedro tiene 12 años
She was hungry = Ella tenía hambre
En la siguiente Tabla se muestra la conjugación de los tiempos simples del verbo To Be con el significado de Ser.
Tiempos simples del Verbo To Be
| Infinitive | Past | Participle |
|---|---|---|
| To be | Was | Been |
| (ser) | (era, fui) | (sido) |
Present Simple | ||
| Affirmative | Negative | Interrogative |
| I am | I am not | am I? |
| (yo soy) | (yo no soy) | (¿soy yo?) |
| you are | you are not | are you? |
| (tú eres) | (tú no eres) | (¿eres tú?) |
| he is | he is not | is he? |
| (él es) | (él no es) | (¿es él?) |
| she is | she is not | is she? |
| (ella es) | (ella no es) | (¿es ella?) |
| it is | it is not | is it? |
| (es) | (no es) | (¿ lo es ?) |
| we are | we are not | are we? |
| (somos) | (no somos) | (¿somos?) |
| you are | you are not | are you? |
| (sois) | (no sois) | (¿sois?) |
| they are | they are not | are they? |
| (son) | (no son) | (¿son?) |
Past Simple * | ||
| Affirmative | Negative | Interrogative |
| I was | I was not | was I? |
| (yo era) | (yo no era) | (era yo?) |
| you were | you were not | were you? |
| (tú eras) | (tú no eras) | (eras tú?) |
| he was | he was not | was he? |
| (él era) | (él no era) | (era él?) |
| she was | she was not | was she? |
| (ella era) | (ella no era) | (era ella?) |
| it was | it was not | was it? |
| (era) | (no era) | (¿ lo era?) |
| we were | we were not | were we? |
| (éramos) | (no éramos) | (¿éramos?) |
| you were | you were not | were you? |
| (erais) | (no erais) | (¿erais?) |
| they were | they were not | were they? |
| (eran) | (no eran) | (¿eran?) |
* El Past Simple además de corresponder al Pretérito Imperfecto español (yo era), también se corresponde con el Pretérito Perfecto Simple o Pretérito Indefinido: yo fui, tú fuiste, él fue, nosotros fuimos, vosotros fuisteis, ellos fueron.
En la conversación se suelen contraer las formas verbales, pero no se usan de forma escrita salvo que el escrito tenga un carácter informal o refleje una conversación.
Las formas afirmativa y negativa del Presente, se pueden contraer, mientras que la forma interrogativa no. En el Pretérito sólo se contrae la forma negativa.
Presente Simple
| Affirmative | Negative * | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| I am | I'm | I am not | I'm not |
| you are | you're | you are not | you're not |
| he is | he's | he is not | he's not |
| she is | she's | she is not | she's not |
| it is | it's | it is not | it's not |
| we are | we're | we are not | we're not |
| you are | you're | you are not | you're not |
| they are | they're | they are not | they're not |
Pasado Simple
| Negative | |
|---|---|
| I was not | I wasn't |
| you were not | you weren't |
| he was not | he wasn't |
| she was not | she wasn't |
| it was not | it wasn't |
| we were not | we weren't |
| you were not | you weren't |
| they were not | they weren't |
* La forma negativa del Present Simple, también admite las siguientes contracciones:
you aren't, he isn't, we aren't, they aren't.
